The Pre-modern Europe - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 4 Words: 1208 Downloads: 7 Date added: 2018/12/26 Category History Essay Type Research paper Level High school Tags: Church Essay Did you like this example? There are quite some disagreements between writers regarding early modern Europe. However, this paper provides some insights into the then continents social system by identifying and assessing the social values for instance. This work scrutinizes to some detail the ideologies, beliefs, and institutions that were valued in the olden day Europe. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "The Pre-modern Europe" essay for you Create order For example, in the pre-modern Europe, religion was a critical constituent part of social life. Nevertheless, the place of the male gender, as well as the role of females in these times, is significantly explored in this work. In the early middle ages, Europe gradually emerged out of the devastation and destruction of the Roman Empire, seeing the church appear as one of the leading ways of instilling civilization in Europe. The church was explicitly one of the most respected institutions in early European days. Through religious education such as evangelism training for young people, Christianity education initially got spurred up at such old ages (Woods Jr, p. 15). The role of the church in the olden Europe was of far greater importance than can be underestimated. For instance, especially prior the Reformation, when unity described the church so succinctly, the church was the gateway to the majority of the services in the society. Religion at the time defined the fabric that sustained the community (Hughes and Fries, p. 9). Essential functions of the church included matters such as culture and inspiration. Christianity, the dominant religion of the time, determined the moral stature of individuals by providing guidance in general life concerns of the European people. Organized teaching was offered to various people groups such as to children, youths and other age categories of the time (Abramson, p. 5). The people were thus enhanced and well rooted in Christian teachings and therefore were accustomed to Christian ways. As a result, the culture of the people at early ages was a formation of the Christian became a predicate product of the instill ed Christian doctrines. This particular religion, therefore, shaped the pre-modern European culture. The middle age Europe was also highly reliant on the church to answer most social aspects. Primarily, it is impressive that when such happenings as famine, diseases, and other events, people turned to religion to get answers to the various issues. The church was, therefore, an essential and integral part of someones life (Abramson, p. 5). The influence of the religion was so vast that it commanded the order of business in the political leadership. Church input was a crucial driver in the lands administration by the Monarchs and emperors. The European continent experienced civilization at an early age relative to other parts of the world. This new trend was a considerable effect on the church. New developments such as the establishment of schools, philosophies, and hospitals marked the onset of a civilized society. The church participated in the creation of schools in various parts of the land. These comprised primary, elementary institutions as well as advanced systems. The societies thus engaged an evolution in practices into a modern way of doing things, with individuals embracing education, which initially begun as religion-oriented learning. This era also saw the rise of philosophies and scholars, some of whom are recognized to date for their outstanding work. All these were however instigated by religious purposes and subjects. Directly speaking, the church was the foundation for almost everything (Abramson, p. 5). The position of the two genders at the pre-modern day Europe is a matter of importance at the time. For instance, men were considered the breadwinners of the families. Like in most of the societies around the globe, the male was also viewed as the head of their families and plausibly the most important people in the basic social unit. Their role in providing for the family was at the time given and a fundamental responsibility every man had to meet. Women on the other hand submitted to men, respected and sought to please them. They also notably tended to their home and their children (Hughes and Fries, p. 9). In this era, the status of a man in the society was depended on the wealth he owned, and particularly the amount of land he commanded ownership. Wealthy men often played the role of employers, employing the peasants and women to look after their property, specifically land. Thus, in brief, masculinity was upheld in the medieval Europe. The place of femininity in the then medieval era in Europe is highly contrasting with the present day scenario. At the time, women were considered fit only for domestic functions at the homestead. They did not have equal rights as men, neither could their rights match the present. The female gender was considerably sanctioned against the male sex, such as because women neither could actively participate in politics either as leaders nor could they choose leaders (Hughes and Fries, p. 9). All decision-making function was the work of the then most important people in the society: men. Decisions as fundamental as whether to marry or not were also reserved for women, even the question of whether to have children or not. This importantly shows the evolving nature of the society, especially juxtaposing femininity in the medieval era with the present age. The place of women in the community has considerably evolved with an increased respect for womens rights and advanced rights, even the ne w gender equity considerations, concepts that never were but are instead just modern developments in the social arena. Art was a primary activity of the ancient and medieval Europe. For instance, at around 1000AD, one essential development in art was the emergence of the Romanesque art to the rise of the Gothic style. The term was coined by the art historians of the 19th century and particularly for the Romanesque architecture. This architecture was highly characteristic of the Roman design, which was at the time a superior approach in construction. Various developments occurred in the field of art such as featuring the Renaissance art of the 1400 (Encyclopedia.com, n.p). These developments in art reflect the progressive nature of the society that features movement into advanced and better ways of life. The Ancient day, medieval or pre-modern ages of Europe had interesting social aspects. Most importantly, the great place of the church in those days and its place in the majority of the elements of life is undeniable. The differences in the role of men and women in the family and society equally draw attention. The civilization of the then Europe, which revolved around the church, and the participation in the art are all essential social practices in early Europe (Encyclopedia.com, n.p). The various aspects of the society, such as the high reliance on faith shows the orientation of the people at the time, which is different from the present scenario. Currently, many people in Europe have taken on secularism, humanism and other counter-religious philosophies. It is thus true to assert that societies highly evolve, such as the key changes in femininity. Works Cited Abramson, Glenda. Modern Jewish Mythologies. Cincinnati Hebrew Union College Press, 1905. Encyclopedia.com. Early Modern Europe. 2004. Website. 30 Nov 2017. . Hughes, Paul L and Robert F Fries. European civilization : basic historical documents. Littlefield, Adams: Totowa, N.J., 1965. Print. Woods Jr, Thomas. How the catholic church built western civilization. [sic]: Regnery Publishing, 2012. Print.

Career Of The Clinical Laboratory Science Field - 2116 Words

Careers in the Clinical Laboratory Science Field By: Rolando Barrios November 20, 2014 Per. 1-6 What is Clinical Laboratory Science? Clinical Laboratory Science, also known as Medical Technology is the occupation in the medical field that provides doctors with information needed to treat a disease. Laboratory Scientists, perform an extended variety of tests, ensure that the test results are reliable, explain the importance of laboratory tests, and study the effectiveness of laboratory tests. Laboratory Scientists perform many tests, some of which include, the analysis enzyme activity released while a heart attack is taking place, the identification of the type of bacteria causing an infection, and the detection of DNA markers that cause genetic diseases. The tests performed by Laboratory Scientists reveal information unknown to people before their test was taken. Laboratory Scientists are one of the most important persons in the hospital. Instead of performing tests, a Laboratory Scientist may be responsible for confirming that the results of a test are accurate. The Laboratory Scientist is an important part of a medical team because his test results often help decide the type of treatment methods doctors’ use for their patients. An inaccurate result could lead to unnecessary upset for a patient or even incorrect treatment. Laboratory Scientists may also check to ensure that products for transfusions are safe. Laboratory Scientists have many careers to choose from.Show MoreRelatedMedical Laboratory Technologist Essay682 Words   |  3 PagesMedical Laboratory Technologist Have you ever wondered what a Medical Laboratory Technologist does? Well, a Medical Laboratory Technologist performs essential laboratory testing that is critical to the detection, diagnosis, and treatment of disease. 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Slaughterhouse-Five and Beloved Free Essays

string(63) " novel is from the point of view of a severely disturbed mind\." The modern human attitude is largely framed by the philosophy of science, in America. According to this philosophy the world is governed by the fixed laws of physics, through which humans find intellectual enlightenment. In this world of science, knowledge is power, and this power renders humans more able to shape their destiny. We will write a custom essay sample on Slaughterhouse-Five and Beloved or any similar topic only for you Order Now The American ideal of the self-made individual, (although usually vouched in the terms of religion), is structured upon this science based premise. But a contradiction lies at the heart of this blending of scientific philosophy and individual identity. It is that a physically and scientifically determined universe does not allow for free will. The modern headlong march towards scientific utopia thus carries grave peril because a philosophy that denies the inexorable human desire for free will ultimately is not self-sustaining. It is as if people are surrendering to destiny at the price of believing that the will is empowered by science. It recalls Franklin Roosevelt’s memorable comment that â€Å"freedom cannot be bestowed; it must be achieved† (qtd. in Singh 143). This crucial issue is dealt with by Kurt Vonnegut in his novel Slaughterhouse-Five. Although many readers view Vonnegut’s novel as advocating fatalism, the opposite is true. Billy Pilgrim, the novel’s protagonist, clearly advocates that humans must overcome fatalism in order to restore free will and sustain forward movement. Toni Morrison, in her novel Beloved, suggests that humans also should overcome the fixity of time. To move forward, both Sethe and Paul D must learn to redefine themselves by psychologically releasing themselves from the physical chains of their previous slavery. The central message of both authors is that there is no looking back. A vigorous free will must always look forward. Sociological and psychological factors may be challenges, but they are not impediments to the free will. The only such barriers are those that exist within humans. The crucial factor is the orientation of people’s vision. Both texts stress the importance of escaping the grip of the past by focusing on the future, and thus are aimed at nourishing hope. The guiding motif in this analysis is thus time. The novels can also be read as reminders of the American ideal, and what it means to be a successful American in the modern era. The American outlook has always resisted historicity. Its orientation is to leave the old world behind and focus on the forging of the new. But modern Americans are surrendering to historicity once more, and thereby squandering their freedom. By chasing synthetic and materialistic dreams (which is merely slavery to past success), we lose our moral orientation, and this is a failure of the American ideal. If we hope to recover from this decadence we must re-establish our freedom, which should be in the spirit of Emerson’s â€Å"nonconformism†. The novel Slaughterhouse-Five is intensely personal to Kurt Vonnegut, though Billy Pilgrim is not necessarily the alter ego of the author. He draws on his experience of having fought in the Second World War, been taken prisoner, and surviving the blanket firebombing of Dresden. He survived by being trapped as a prisoner-of-war in an underground locker of a slaughterhouse, and emerged a few days later to apprehend the charred desolation. In the novel, Billy Pilgrim goes through the same experience which turns out to be the defining moment of his existence. He has become â€Å"unstuck in time† through his experience of this event, meaning that the flow of time does not effect him anymore, and that he can shift at will from one moment in time to another. He experiences only episodes, in random order, and over and over again, but they always refer back to the Dresden massacre. He does not realize what is happening until much later, when he is abducted by alien creatures known as the Tralfamadorians. They reveal to him that free will is only an illusion, and because they exist in four dimensions – the fourth dimension being time – they observe past, present and future simultaneously, and the entire life as a unified whole. Time itself is indestructible, and, therefore, one lives one’s life over and over again. One only has free will to the extent that one chooses to concentrate on the better moments in life. This is the way Tralfamadorian literature is written, as one of his captors reveals to him, â€Å"There isn’t any particular relationship between the messages, except that the author has chosen them carefully, so that, when seen all at once, they produce an image of life that is beautiful and surprising and deep. There is no beginning, no middle, no end, no suspense, no moral, no causes, no effects. What we love in our books are the depths of many marvelous moments seen all at one time (Vonnegut 88). † After this encounter, Billy is confirmed in his fatalism, and he is described as living the episodes of his life over and over again. Before his violent end in the year 1976, he reveals to the world the secret about the nature of time which he has learned from the Tralfamadorian. He does so with calm and collected purpose, because he knows beforehand that his message will be accepted. He even avoids bearing a grudge towards his own murderer, knowing that it is all fated, and that death itself is of no consequence. The vital clue that the novel as taking place frozen time is found in Vonnegut’s introduction, in which he says, â€Å"This is a novel somewhat in the telegraphic schizophrenic manner of tales of the planet Tralfamadore, where the flying saucers come from† (Ibid, title page). The tales told on that distant planet take place in static time, and by pointing out this similarity the author is acknowledging the existence of dynamic time, which the Trafalmadorians deny. Regarding this weird theory, there is ample evidence that what is told about the aliens is nothing more than a figment of Billy’s imagination, and that much of the novel is from the point of view of a severely disturbed mind. You read "Slaughterhouse-Five and Beloved" in category "Papers" It is his own fixity in time which he tries to rationalize with his tales of the aliens. The description of the aliens as upside down toilet plungers is laughable, and this is a clue from the author that we are not supposed to believe in them and their outlandish concept of time. Even though Billy is portrayed as a weakling, readers should not judge his fatalism as abnormal, or his ideas about time as merely the products of an unsettled imagination. Vonnegut is passing judgment on the ethos of the human age, and readers know this because the world accepts Billy’s revelations in the end, also, because the narrative is rooted in the Second World War. This is the event that finally shatters the notion of â€Å"progress† as in the eighteenth century Enlightenment. The consequence of the two world wars is the paralysis of cultural will, and this is captured through Billy’s fantastic notion of time, also rooted in the Second World War. Billy’s particular circumstance, allied with his curious nature, allows him to come to vital understanding that he lives in an age of stagnancy. But even though the novel is mainly concerned with depicting the human age, there are also enough clues that point to the way out of this nightmare. For example, Vonnegut, in his own character in the novel, talks about its composition to his publisher in Chapter 1, and says, â€Å"People aren’t supposed to look back. I’m certainly not going to do it anymore. I’ve finished my war book now. The next one I write is going to be fun. This one is a failure, and had to be, since it was written by a pillar of salt (28). † Whatever deep secrets it conveys, the novel is declared to be a failure, and Vonnegut admits that he too is subject to frozen time in writing such a novel, describing himself as â€Å"a pillar of salt†. The reference in to Lot’s wife, who is described in Genesis as turning into a pillar of salt because she chose to look back with attachment to the incinerating city of Sodom. Looking back is made to be the most fatal destroyer of the will. So he promises he will not do it again, and his subsequent novels will be situated in dynamic time. For Vonnegut, hope resides in leaving the past behind. Toni Morrison delivers the same message in a very different context. Slavery is an integral part of the birth of the American nation. It is now universally admitted to have been a cruel institution. But, as E H Carr puts it, history is only â€Å"the key to the understanding of the present† (14). It is very difficult for us to empathize with the motivations of the slave-owners, and any effort in this direction is bound to be controversial. But in her novel Beloved, Morrison is not intent on giving the reader further history, or even a commentary of history. The advocacy is clear, that humans should leave history behind. Sethe is a former slave, now living out her freedom with her teenage daughter Denver, and recently having admitted another former slave Paul D as her partner. She is trying to suppress her horrific past, but the arrival of Paul D brings it back to her. Once, when fleeing from her sadistic owner, she had murdered her 2 year old daughter, thinking that capture was inevitable, and she did not want her children to suffer slavery. Soon after the arrival of Paul D, the embodied spirit of her murdered daughter appears, calling herself Beloved. Her appearance brings new life into all that come in contact with her, because she infuses tension into their lives, by which they must react. She becomes a demanding presence in the household, and Sethe finds herself at her beck and call. The shy and retiring Denver find herself forced out of the household and in the process acquires maturity. Even Paul D learns to open up his â€Å"rusted tin tobacco box† of a heart in her presence. In the end she disappears just as suddenly, and all the tensions are at once relieved. But she has touched lives in such a way that in her aftermath they are all restored to life and hope. Beloved clearly represents a horrible past, and one which must be dealt with finally. Even traces of the tale itself must not be left behind, and so the novel ends, â€Å"This is not a story to pass on† (Morrison 324). The past must be completely extinguished, and once this has been done, there is the possibility of shaping one’s destiny through the exercise of free will. These novels by Vonnegut and Morrison raise the issue of what it means to be successful in America today. Traditionally, historicity had been part of the old world, and that which the new world tries to leave behind. But these novels suggest that historicity has certainly caught up with modern America, and is the root to modern decadence. But to review the exhortations of the greatest Americans of the past is only to confirm that the nation was established on the basis of freedom, and freedom necessarily entails the letting go of the past. In the early period of the Puritan fathers the message use to be couched in terms of religion, and which we may detect in the sermons of Jonathan Edwards. In his speech â€Å"Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God† there is no reference to anything in the past. It is entirely aimed at striking terror in the heart of the sinners, by evoking the visions of the hell that awaits them, laced with such warnings as: â€Å"There is nothing that keeps wicked men, at any moment, out of hell, but the mere pleasure of God† (Edwards 90). Edwards relies on the immediacy of his message, and thereby strikes a particularly American note. The calm transcendentalism of Ralph Waldo Emerson may seem to be at a polar opposite, yet projects the same obligation to freedom. In his essay â€Å"Nature† he says, â€Å"Our age is retrospective. It builds the sepulchers of the fathers. It writes biographies, histories, and criticism. The foregoing generations beheld God and nature face to face; we, through their eyes† (Emerson 181). Writing in the middle of the 19th century, he warns that the true American spirit of freedom is being quickly eroded, and will not be recovered until we relearn how to apprehend nature with immediacy. â€Å"Whoso would be a man, must be a nonconformist,† he says in his essay â€Å"Self Reliance† (Ibid 269). Any sort of conformity is compromising to the freedom, and therefore is a betrayal of the American ethos. Mark Twain conveys the same message in his classic children’s adventure story Huckleberry Finn. Set in the context of slavery and emancipation, it is more truly about the slavery of the whites than that of the blacks. Huck is fleeing from his drunken father, but he also becomes wary of the pious and benevolent reach of society that tries to civilize him. He sets himself up on a floating raft, with an escaped slave, and only here he feels free and himself: â€Å"[T]here warn’t no home like a raft, after all. Other places do seem so cramped up and smothery, but a raft don’t. You feel mighty free and easy and comfortable on a raft† (Twain123). Huck’s suspicion towards society and civilization is the central point of the novel, and this makes him a true American. Vonnegut and Morrison would say that modern American is a betrayal of the founding spirit of the nation, where conformity to a media constructed reality in the norm. It is a historicity of a different sort which America enslaves itself to. It is as if history is rewritten by Hollywood, and such false history tends to become the worldview of the average American. The media projects crass materialism in every aspect, where fame is the highest criterion for judging worth. So, Americans not only follow the dress code of celebrity film stars, they also follow the history and sociology of celebrity historians and sociologists. This in conformity of the most enslaving form, and represents a total loss of freedom. The judgment must be that, without the recovery of the Emersonian spirit of nonconformism there is no way out of this predicament. Americans must strive once again to succeed as human beings, and must stop chasing the fame and fortune of film stars. The crucial necessity is to recover free will. Both Vonnegut and Morrison bring the message that the barriers to the exercise of free will lie not in external conditions, but within each human being. If people believe that they lie with social, psychological or emotional factors, then they subscribe to the thinking of the Enlightenment, which believed that a scientific approach to understanding external conditions will result in their gradual removal, and generally in the direction of utopia. Vonnegut intends to explode this myth, and tells readers that such determinism renders the free will paralyzed, and he depicts the modern world as having met this unacceptable end. Like Morrison does in her novel Beloved, Vonnegut advocates that humans must overcome the past if they hope to exercise control over their future. Morrison’s specific concern is the fixity of Black America in the past of slavery, but she is in fact addressing a wider malaise in America as a whole. The common message is that slavery to the past is destructive to the free will, and therefore disastrous to the American ideal. Works Cited Carr, E. H. What is History? New York: Penguin Books, 1967. Edwards, Jonathan. A Jonathan Edwards Reader. Eds. John Edwin Smith, Harry S. Stout. New Haven: Yale University Press, 2003. Emerson, Ralph Waldo. Selected Writings of Ralph Waldo Emerson. Eds. William H. Gilman, Charles Johnson. New York: Signet Classic, 2003. Morrison, Toni. Beloved. New York: Vintage International, 2004. Singh, M. P. Quote Unquote. Twin Lakes, WI: Lotus Press, 2007. Twain, Mark. The Adventures of Tom Sawyer and Adventures of Huckleberry Finn. New York: Signet Classic, 2002. Vonnegut, Kurt. Slaughterhouse-five, Or, the Children’s Crusade: A Duty-dance With Death. New York: Dell, 1969. How to cite Slaughterhouse-Five and Beloved, Papers

A Midsummer Nights Dream an example of a Shakespearian comedy Essay Example For Students

A Midsummer Nights Dream an example of a Shakespearian comedy Essay William Shakespeare has written many plays, ranging from tragedies to comedies. A Midsummer Nights Dream is an example of a comedy. A comedy is a play that has a humorous storyline. When a play builds up to its climax, it ends in a happy note. Climax comes from the Greek word Ladder. At the beginning of the play, the main characters are introduced to the audience and everything is in natural harmony. But after a while things start to go wrong in the magical world, causing confusion and nature to go out of balance. In this play, there are issues where the magical world becomes chaotic causing a loss of order and harmony. Shakespeare writes of various themes, like love and loyalty. The love he writes of in this play is Parental love, Female verses male and the love that seems most important in this play, Marital love. This love contrasts with real love. He also writes about order and disorder, which is usually linked to nature. The appearance and reality of the magical world, and the Kingship is linked towards Theseus, for he is a very fair ruler. Theseus contrasts with Oberon because in the play, Oberon abuses his power over the magical world. During the play, Shakespeare uses contrast to show the different qualities, which the people and places have. The real world of Athens and the magical world of the woods contrast because in the play, Shakespeare jumps between the two showing reality and illusion. This shows that each world is not very different, although each world is ruled very differently. The night contrasts with the day because at night the scenes take place in the woods where the fairies are in control. On the other hand is the day, where everything takes place in Athens and the humans are in control. In Athens everything is peaceful and law-abiding, showing reality. But in the woods, everything is chaotic and law breaking, showing illusion. The night and the day contrast with each other because although they may be different times of each day, but when each time comes, they show to be very separate worlds. In this play there are two different types of tone; comic and serious. Shakespeare jumps between the two during this play. The comic tone occurs when the mechanicals are on-stage, while the serious tone is when either the nobles or the magicals are on-stage. Although, sometimes with the magicals, the play can turn comical, for they can be quite silly. Shakespeare has given this comedy a feeling of importance rather than any of his other comedies, by giving the nobles and lovers names from Greek mythology. The mechanicals could have got their names based on the jobs that they did. Theseus is the Duke of Athens, who is engaged to Hippolyta, Queen of the Amazons. Theseus is a kind and sensitive ruler, whos mature and impartial nature is contrasted with that of the fairy king Oberon, who uses magic to humiliate and win back his Titania. The way Theseus makes his decisions does have its difficulties, however, after the four lovers have described the strange events that had happened to them that past night. Theseus reveals that he has little sympathy for the lunatic, the lover, and the poet. Theseus and Hippolyta were former enemies in war, but soon their love for one another brought an end to battle. Their wedding provides the framework for the events of the play. It also shows the way they love each other maturely, which can be measured by the behaviour of the other lovers. Their marriage is perfect in the eyes of the Shakespeare audience. .u6b3fdfbd41020e5aecd97574ceaa3a54 , .u6b3fdfbd41020e5aecd97574ceaa3a54 .postImageUrl , .u6b3fdfbd41020e5aecd97574ceaa3a54 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u6b3fdfbd41020e5aecd97574ceaa3a54 , .u6b3fdfbd41020e5aecd97574ceaa3a54:hover , .u6b3fdfbd41020e5aecd97574ceaa3a54:visited , .u6b3fdfbd41020e5aecd97574ceaa3a54:active { border:0!important; } .u6b3fdfbd41020e5aecd97574ceaa3a54 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u6b3fdfbd41020e5aecd97574ceaa3a54 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u6b3fdfbd41020e5aecd97574ceaa3a54:active , .u6b3fdfbd41020e5aecd97574ceaa3a54:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u6b3fdfbd41020e5aecd97574ceaa3a54 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u6b3fdfbd41020e5aecd97574ceaa3a54 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u6b3fdfbd41020e5aecd97574ceaa3a54 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u6b3fdfbd41020e5aecd97574ceaa3a54 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u6b3fdfbd41020e5aecd97574ceaa3a54:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u6b3fdfbd41020e5aecd97574ceaa3a54 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u6b3fdfbd41020e5aecd97574ceaa3a54 .u6b3fdfbd41020e5aecd97574ceaa3a54-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u6b3fdfbd41020e5aecd97574ceaa3a54:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: How Does Gatsby Represent The American Dream EssayOberon is king of the fairies. In contrast with Theseus, he rules his world in a much different way. He is quite a proud, sometimes jealous man who has a darkness in his character which can make him quite frightening. He is very much a creature of the night and he creates dreams which can cause chaos and confusion. Titania is quite a caring character in this play. She is in tune with nature, when she sees that Oberon and herself are causing chaos with their arguments. She shows that she would much rather desire harmony than chaos. She is also very passionate, as well as romantic and delicate. She shows this side of her, during her love for Bottom. You can see of her strength, bravery and pride when she stands up to Oberon because she is refusing to give him what he wants. Although they have many problems, at the end of the play, you can see that they are still very much in love. What Shakespeare is trying to say here is that a love which is strong, will not die. He is advocating love within marriage in this play. Oberon and Titanias marriage is quarrelsome but passionate. This is in contrast with Theseus and Hippolytas love for one another. Hermia is the daughter of Egeus and love of Lysander and Demetrius. Her father is determined that she will marry Demetrius, but she goes against his wishes and runs away with Lysander into the woods. The Elizabethan audience at this time would be shocked by her behaviour. At the start of the play, Hermia clearly takes pleasure in the dominant control she has over Helena because of her lack of self-confidence. Helena is perhaps named after Helen of Troy, who was the beautiful woman whose abduction started the10 year Trojan war. Helena contrasts to Hermia because they are both beautiful but Helena lacks that extra self-confidence. Helena is very much in love with Demetrius and she is grounded, passionate and witty despite the love she does not get in return. Helena always carries herself with a certain grace and maturity that contrasts with Hermias more ill-humoured behaviour. Lysander, the lover of Hermia and Helena, is a complete romantic and extremely passionate. While he expresses his playful language towards the women, he shows his boyish charm. When contrasted with Demetrius, he thinks of love in a more romantic view rather in a mature way. Demetrius is the lover of Helena and Hermia. At the start of the play, he expressed his love for Helena. But he soon changed his mind in favour of Hermias wealth. He is not a faithful lover and is even and direct, but firm at the same time about his desires. In this play he treats Helena very badly, by threatening her to leave him alone. Demetrius only falls in love with Helena near the end of the play because of the love potion Puck put on his eyes. This action makes them him fall deeply in love with Helena, but it also means that their love is not true. Hermia and Helena are both romantic and constant in their love. But because of Puck, the young men become victims of an illusion. Each lover is seen as a symbol of young love. Nick Bottom is a weaver and the most important of the six mechanicals. Bottom together with Peter Quince a carpenter, Francis Flute a bellows mender, Tom Snout a tinker, Snug a joiner, and Robin Starveling a tailor, decide to put on a play for Theseus and Hippolyta, celebrating their wedding. The plays genre is a tragedy and its called Pyramus and Thisbe. In A Midsummer Nights Dream, each mechanical represents decency, honesty, loyalty and hard work. Each man brings comedy into the play which contrasts with the aristocratic lovers. .u4b73d4b58d1f6d47511d84b373f3d946 , .u4b73d4b58d1f6d47511d84b373f3d946 .postImageUrl , .u4b73d4b58d1f6d47511d84b373f3d946 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u4b73d4b58d1f6d47511d84b373f3d946 , .u4b73d4b58d1f6d47511d84b373f3d946:hover , .u4b73d4b58d1f6d47511d84b373f3d946:visited , .u4b73d4b58d1f6d47511d84b373f3d946:active { border:0!important; } .u4b73d4b58d1f6d47511d84b373f3d946 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u4b73d4b58d1f6d47511d84b373f3d946 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u4b73d4b58d1f6d47511d84b373f3d946:active , .u4b73d4b58d1f6d47511d84b373f3d946:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u4b73d4b58d1f6d47511d84b373f3d946 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u4b73d4b58d1f6d47511d84b373f3d946 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u4b73d4b58d1f6d47511d84b373f3d946 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u4b73d4b58d1f6d47511d84b373f3d946 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u4b73d4b58d1f6d47511d84b373f3d946:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u4b73d4b58d1f6d47511d84b373f3d946 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u4b73d4b58d1f6d47511d84b373f3d946 .u4b73d4b58d1f6d47511d84b373f3d946-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u4b73d4b58d1f6d47511d84b373f3d946:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Romeo and Juliet by Michael Horwood EssayIn Elizabethan lore, Puck was a mischievous, brownie like fairy also called Robin Goodfellow. As one of the leading characters in this play, Puck boasts of his pranks of changing shapes, misleading travellers at night, spoiling milk, frightening young girls, and tripping venerable old dames. Apart from this, Puck is ultimately good-natured and generous, finding true pleasure in the plays outcome. Shakespeare has written this play in a way so that when each character speaks, it reflects their personality. For example, whenever Bottom speaks he often muddles things up and gets things wrong, showing his character to be quite silly and clumsy, which makes him a comic character. Bottoms behaviour contrasts with that of Theseus behaviour. Theseus is always trying to sort things out and make things right, at the same time as being sensitive. This shows his character to be mature, fair and considerate. To examine the personality of each character, you do not only look at what they say, but the pattern they speak in as well. When the magicals and nobles come on, they speak in verse and everything is spoken in rhyme. That contrasts with the mechanicals, for whenever they are on, they do not speak in verse. In this play, contrast is mirrored in its pages. In some ways, Shakespeare has been successful in his use of contrast. It has made the play clearer to understand. For example, what characters are comic or serious. But on the other hand, I feel that he has tried to be a little too clever by using too much contrast. By doing this, it has made some things harder to understand. Overall, Shakespeare has used contrast well because it helped me to imagine the two very different worlds and its people.

Famine, Affluence, and Morality

In his article Famine, Affluence, and Morality, Peter Singer reveals the prevailing situation in Bengal, India, and the international relief awarded to the refugees. He suggests that affluent countries reacted to the situation in an unjustifiable manner. Therefore, his goal is to change the way moral issues are handled.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Famine, Affluence, and Morality specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More He says, â€Å"[I]f it is in our power to prevent something bad from happening, without thereby sacrificing anything of comparable moral importance, we ought, morally, to do it† (Singer, 1972, pp. 233-234). In this argument, he proposes that people need to prevent suffering from happening if they are willing and able to do so. As a counter argument, there are many people in the world obliged to help. Therefore, helping is not the moral obligation of any individual. His response is that, if all p eople show just a bit of responsibility, then any problem that arises would be dealt with jointly, which would be more effective (Sandberg Juth, 2011, p.212). In another counter argument, giving to a person far away without considering those that are close is said to be bad. It would only prevent future incidences as opposed to the one currently in the neighbourhood. He argues that a distance in time and space is irrelevant in helping people. It is also argued that Singer’s conclusion is not in line with the current morals. Therefore, it is not right. In a counterargument, Singer states that people should not assume that the morals existing are right and or correct. He states that his statement of the principle elicits a sound conclusion. Therefore, it should be accepted as in line with the current morals. Singer’s marginal utility point is the point at which any person and his/her dependants would end up suffering at an equal magnitude of the amount of suffering reli eved to those he/she assisted. He gives an example of a person giving towards relief effort in Bengal. He claims that giving a certain amount to Bengal would result to suffering of individuals and their dependants, which will correspond to the suffering he relieved in Bengal. He declares this as unnecessary in assisting other people especially charity since it would be more than what is needed.Advertising Looking for essay on philosophy? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Singer comments on the issue of charity and duty by claiming that the traditional way of making a distinction between duty and charity is not possible. In the traditional values, one is not supposed to hurt others because it is immoral to do so. It is also not considered bad not to give charity with the reverse being true. Singer reverses this principle by claiming that this traditional view should be reversed. As a personal argument and from an individualâ€⠄¢s morals, human beings have the obligation of preventing suffering from their counterparts irrespective of distance, space, time, and relationship. In fact, Singer says, â€Å"Neither our distance†¦nor the number of other people†¦lessens our obligation to mitigate or prevent that evil† (1972, p.234). I agree with Singer’s argument that universal suffering would be reduced if the traditional view of duty and charity were changed to that of obligation. Affluent nations therefore have the duty of assisting poorer states by providing for the needy. Responsibility however should be equal for all people in the world. Besides, getting all people to help their neighbours should be made a priority. It is true that there are people in the world whose assets are worth more than what is required to feed a single refugee camp in a year. If they acted only in the current moral view of charity, this would then go a long way in reducing universal poverty and suffering (Len ferna, 2010, p.92). If it were within their capabilities, people would need not to sacrifice anything of equal moral importance. He also suggests that people should also prevent bad things from happening to others if it were possible to do so without having to sacrifice anything that is morally significant to them. Reference List Lenferna, G. (2010). Singer Revisited Cosmopolitanism, Global Poverty and our Ethical Requirements. South African Journal of Philosophy, 29(2), 85-94. Sandberg, J., Juth, N. (2011). Ethics and Intuitions: A Reply to Singer. Springer,  15(1), 209-226. Singer, P. (1972). Famine, Affluence, and Morality. Philosophy and Public Affairs,  1(3), 229-43.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Famine, Affluence, and Morality specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This essay on Famine, Affluence, and Morality was written and submitted by user Sharon Church to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Essay about Love

Essay about Love Love is a universal feeling or emotion and every human on this earth loves someone. It is not necessary that love exists only between opposite sexes but love is there between human kind, between brothers, between sisters, between brothers and sisters, between parents and children, between husband and wife, between neighbours, between nations, between all relations and love also exists between humans and other living beings such as animals. Therefore, nobody can deny the existence of love in this world. Sometimes you need to describe the love you have for someone in words. At that time, you are in need of appropriate style and words through which you can deliver your feelings of love in form of essay on love. The question that comes to your mind at that time is how to write an essay about love? To write an essay about love, you have to follow some general steps of writing an essay. You have to follow the pattern of introduction, body paragraphs and conclusion. In the introduction part , you have the introduce the topic of your essay on love and also have to give some introduction of the person for whom you are going to write essay about love. It is not necessary that your essay about love is for some particular person; your essay about love can be a general essay for all the living beings of the earth just for showing your good feelings of love and harmony towards all the creation of God. If your essay about love is a general essay, you have to describe love in your own words; you have to answer the following questions: What do you feel about love? What is love? Describe it by your own criteria. Does love exist? Have you loved someone ever? What is the difference between love and emotionalism? Why are you writing essay on love? By giving the answers to the questions stated above, you will come to know about your own thinking about love and you will be able to write an essay on love, which will be good enough. Always make drafts because drafting makes your writing easy and error free. After drafting, you will be able to find your errors and remove them. Custom essay about love only requires your full devotion and dedication towards your writing. Write from your heart and you will see that the results will be amazing. For writing about love essay, all you have to do is to follow the pattern of introduction, body and conclusion. Never try to do a free writing. A free writing can only be done on a draft where you can assemble all your ideas roughly but the final essay about love should contain all the ideas in the arrangement that is already described. Your rambling style will make your essay on love a bad and incomprehensive one while an organized essay on love will be good enough to read and write let us know your needs and requirements by visiting our professional custom essay writing service. Heres a list of the most popular love essay topics: 1. The Power of Love: The Theme of Love in William Shakespeares Romeo and Juliet 2. Is love good or bad in nature? 3. The dominating love 4. The Infinity of love 5. Literatures Affects on Love 6. Dimensions of Love 7. Without Love Life Is Meaningless 8. The Mechanics of Love 9. Do People Really Fall In Love? 10. Christian and non-christian love 11. Types of Love 12. What is love? 13. The Role of Love in Mythology 14. Love in the English Renaissance Period. 15. Love is All You Need 16. Reflection on Love 17. Love is Unconditional 18. Love is blind, as far as the eye can see 19. The Suppression of Love and Eroticism in 1984 20. Love: A Magical Feeling 21. Definition of love 22. Quality and Quantity of Othellos love 23. Aspects of love in romeo and juliet 24. Love: Free or Oppressing? 25. Love makes our hearts gentle

Petrochemical Industry of Saudi Arabia Dissertation

Petrochemical Industry of Saudi Arabia - Dissertation Example The petrochemical industry is regarded as one of the most important of all sectors in the economy of Saudi Arabia owing to the volume and proportion of revenue that it contributes to the national income of the nation. The records of the year 2005 state that Saudi Arabia consists of almost 250 petrochemical firms of diverse sizes which invest a gross yearly amount of US$ 29 billion in the industry. In addition, the nation is accountable for exporting petrochemical products worth US$ 3.2 billion. The nation is also home to the Saudi Arabian Basic Industries Corporation (SABIC), which is the world’s 11th largest producer of petroleum and also one of the world’s fastest growing companies (Shoult, 2006). At present, Saudi Arabia is the largest producer of oil in the world accounting for producing 10.5 million barrels per day annually, which serves the needs of one-tenth of the global population. The nation’s potential capacity is believed to be 262 billion barrels per day (Falola & Genova, 2005). The objectives of the present research paper could be stated as follows – †¢ Factors which enhance investment in a sector, i.e., what are the aspects that investors generally examine prior to making investments in a particular sector? †¢ Importance of investment behind the economic development of a nation. †¢ Petrochemical industry, being one of the pillaring sectors, deserves much of the government’s attention. This necessitates the purpose of the paper and the conclusion to be reached hence. Research aims will be – Figure out the extent to which petrochemical industry will be affected by market fluctuations Reach a conclusion regarding the appropriate step to be adopted by potential investors. Forecast the possible trend that the Saudi Arabian petrochemical industry is likely to adopt over the span of another quarter. This forecast could help the national

Team as an Ideal Design of Job Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Team as an Ideal Design of Job - Essay Example The paper will try examining issues that revolve around the work of the team and their significance in working with the managers. It is possible for managers to create a work unit by just bringing together many individuals with different skills. Before a manager designs a task that they need to be handled, it is always clear that they have a picture of the nature of the outcome they desire. They also have idea on which kind of input is required and what would be the process needed to realize the objective. It is through this understanding that the manger may decide to have a group of individuals to execute the work. This kind of approach has been associated with an authoritarian guidance by some manager. Workers who are involved in a process like this are always denied their autonomy and have very low worker interdependence. The study shows that the productivity of a work force is usually increased when workers have a high sense of interdependence as opposed to when workers are just pulled together to execute certain tasks. It is therefore right to say that team task design is a good design that managers can use to push for results to be gotten but only if the worker interdependence is enhanced. It should not be assumed that team interdependent is the sole mechanism that can be used by mangers to help in utilizing the team and produce successfully. There are some other ways through which teams can be used to realize the objective of an organization. A team as a unit requires some level of self direction and self management to realize certain objective. When teams have control of themselves, then they tend to engage in participatory approach of work, which also relieves the top management from micromanaging the teams and ever getting concerned with small matters that can be addressed at lower levels. It is imperative that mangers delegate duties to the juniors so that they may get

Mexican immigrants undocumented Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3750 words

Mexican immigrants undocumented - Essay Example Most importantly, the social workers should know that immigrants or refugees despite the duration they will stay in the host country, they are most likely to be faced with a duality of cultures and hence do work with norms and expectations that conflict often. Although refugees and immigrants all seek new residence in a foreign country, their social and economic statuses differ and hence their adoption to the host country may also vary. Immigrants go to a host country on their own volition by attractiveness they see in that particular country. Usually they plan their entry carefully and selectively bringing some assets while relinquishing the assets at home (Abdulla, et al., 1997). Whether their reason for migrating is economic or political, they easily adopt since they at least have somewhere to start from. On the other hand, refugees are forced to flee their homelands and seek asylum from the host country for various reasons and would probably prefer to return if safety is permitted. Usually they flee home with little or no planning and with few belongings if any and are usually traumatized by the destruction they have witnessed and so it takes time for them to adapt to the new surroundings. With this knowledge, the social workers could know how to handle them and the issues that affects them for effective integration. Prior to the World War 11, the Mexicans accounted for less than 10 percent of the Florida immigration, and a quarter of Florida’s migrants in the early post war periods. In the 1960s, the Mexican immigrants percentage rose to 40 percent and by 1990s the figure rose to 50 percent of the total migrants in Florida. Prior to the 1970s, about 300,000 Mexican immigrants gained legal permanent residence in the United States yearly with most of them settling in Florida. In the last three decades, the number of legal permanent immigrants from Mexico to Florida has been doubling in each decade. This increasingly

Teenage Drug Abuse Children And Young People Essay

Teenage Drug Abuse Children And Young People Essay In my opinion, that I believe the most pressing problems in our country is the teenager social problem. That affects our country, because teenagers are the hope of country in future. After that, the letter write to  local education authority is about compulsory school uniform for all  pupils. Pupil wears school uniform that is more advantage for them in the school life.   This assignment has three sections that are introduction, content and conclusions and recommendations. The teenager problem can prevent by parent, counselor, doctor and police. When our teenager is in a problem they cannot settle, parent must give enough concern, confidence, believe what they say and find the solution to fix the problem together or give recommendation to then. The society must feel tolerance to teenager, because they are growing in grey area between childhood and adulthood. It many advantange if all of pupil wear school uniform . Wearing school uniform mean everyone is the same , no one can set fashion or teased for wearing weird or out of fashion clothes . Also, it can avoid some bullying cases because of wear school uniform. Teenager and parent need to have a good communicate, parent give good enough love and support, teens are feel themselves is very important. Pupils have to compulsory wears school uniform because it can show more discipline and look smart. Therefore, school uniform is very important to pupil. 1.0 Introduction The teenagers are very important for development of one nation. But now, we can heard that students damages discipline teachers car, inject drug .The increasing rate of student bully and drug abuse among youths is indeed of great concern. The causes of problems came from various factors. The main problem arises from teenagers parent. The parent is a main character for their child, sometimes parents didnt know about their children ability, thats because the teenagers feel stress and tense. Sometimes, some parents put high expectations on their children like gets the excellence in their study or become high achiever in their school. By the same time their parent too control on their activities. Therefore, teenagers feel burden with their parents hope and aim on them. When they cannot achieve their friends level their self-esteem become low and they think they are not accepted in schools society. The solution is, they find another community that can accept them. The society expressly bl ame on the teenagers when they making mistake. This kind of pressure from society put teenager in stress. The societies are not aware why does teenager react like that. Moreover the society doesnt give them chance to change their behavior and feel they are the worst people in society. Adults sometime act in poor manner for example drunken parents or drug addict parents. They become the most important cause to what have happen on teenagers. Teenage Bullying Bullying includes a wide variety of behaviors, but all involve a person or a group repeatedly trying to harm someone who is weaker. It can involve direct attacks such as hitting, and stealing or damaging belongings, indirect attacks such as spreading rumors or encouraging others to reject or exclude someone. Bullying can start at any age and can continue through high school. Most of teenager bullying cases happen in school, because the people who bully and the victim both of them are lack of social problem solving skill. There are many problem solving skill to prevent bullying. Parents are should try sitting down with teenager and brainstorming some solution to the situation. And parents are also can discuss about what they have tried before in similar situations, and what outcomes they experienced. If a child ask to parent he is a victim of school bullying, parent are cannot ignore about this, because it is very serious case. First, believe and listen what the child say, this is ver y important step to make child believe you can help him. Second, most children are deal with bullying behavior, so let the child know he is not alone in this situation. Third, if the child being threatened psychic or illegal way in school, dont complicate report to school or police. Even the child do not want to do this, but bullying is cannot be tolerate. Fourth, teach the child courage say NO if being bully. The school counselor and teachers have responsibility to prevent the school bullying, they should always take a look on student who has unusual behavior in school. The discipline teacher must increase the punishment on bullying cases. Teenage Drug Abuse Drugs and Teenagers Drug use is the increasing problem among teenagers in todays high schools. Most drug use begins in the preteen and teenage years. Why the reason teens are drug? There are many causes about teenager have a contact with drug. Family problem is one of the cause of teenager drug abuse, may be in family member who are the drug abuser, so teenager will influence by family member. Friends also is a reason of contact with drug.  If a friend in the social group use drugs , the person may be offered to try drugs, which is direct pressure. Indirect pressure is when someone sees everyone around him using drugs and he might think that there is nothing wrong with using drugs. Even if a person had no intentions of using drugs one might do it just to be considered cool by his friends. Here is a personal example of drug use from a teenager, When I started using, was only on weekends, at parties. I used drugs recreationally and therefore thought I had no addiction problem. I used drugs like nicotine, marijuana or LSD to be happy or to have fun. I needed drugs. I kept using drugs, I used drugs like marijuana to fit socially. I had problems in my life, emotionally, that drugs only seemed to solve. Drugs made my problems worse. I started snorting cocaine. I injected heroin into my veins. I almost died. I was addicted. Therefore drug is very harmful to everyone, especially teenager. Drug can destroy the teenager future or everything. The overcome method is parent must take some time to give enough concern to their children for avoid them from drugs. The school should hire a lecture to give a talk to teenager, let them know how about the drugs destroy our body and disadvantages of drug. The society must cooperate with police fight against drug dealer, without drug dealer, there are no drug to deal with buyer. Teenage Suicide Problem Teenage are caught in grey area between childhood and adulthood. Therefore, they experience strong feelings of stress , confusion , self-doubt , pressure to succeed , and other fears while growing up . For some teens , suicide may appear to be a solution to their problems and stress. Most of teenage are suicide because of unsettle problem, such as breakup relationship, pressure of homework , worry about their future and making a serious mistake they feel cannot settle , these are the reason of teenager suicide. Teenage suicide making many problem and this is an alert to society. When the teens are thinking about suicide they have some unusual behavior. They will always talking about suicide or death, feeling hopeless, give hints to people around his life he might not be around anymore . After that , teen also lose their interest in school or sport, and pull away from friend and family . What adult can do when their teen think about suicide? Parent must keep a close eye on teen want t o suicide , understanding depression in teens is very important since it can look different about depression . Try to keep the lines communication open and express concern , support , and love. If teen doesnt feel comfortable talking with parent, suggest more neutral person , such as school counselor, or a doctor. Conclusion The role of parents is crucial in giving serious attention to their children. Parents must consider the movements or the movement of their children. Parents should always know and identify the problems faced by their children and are willing to take the time to solve the problem. After that, establishing legal system in the school, student must more discipline and responsibility. Counseling at school level is important in helping teenagers overcome their problem too . Parents and Teachers Association (PTA) should play an important role . More frequent meetings between parents , guardians and teachers should be held especially for students that influenced in social problems . Parents should discuss students problem with teacher and get ready to receive an advice from a teacher with an open and positive attitude. Teenagers also need the attitude of change , if the teenagers can change their attitudes by selecting a good friend , they will not be trapped in social problems.   2.0 Introduction School uniforms should be compulsory for all students at all grade levels . There are many reasons, which justify this including discipline , discrimination and to give the students a sense of identity .   If all students at a particular school didnt wear school uniforms , there would be discrimination between the financially advantaged people and the disadvantaged people . The wealthier people would tend to look down the poorer people as it gives them a chance to flaunt their wealth . When students wear school uniforms , it shows the similarities between them , and not the differences . Each school has their own rule of law and based on that , students need to obey on that law and respect . When student wears a uniform , it shows a sign of dignity and it means that that student has confirmed the school expectations and that student feels that he or she belongs to that school . School uniforms also indicate what degree or grade the students are in , and what kind of school they go to . School uniforms are good because some children would become bullied if they did not wear the most up to date fashions . A school uniform makes it easier for the school authorities to recognize students belonging to their school . So everyone wearing the same uniform everyday that type of degrading is avoided . In short , wearing school uniform is very important and bring a lot of advantage to student . 2.1 Letter 22, Jalan Cempaka, Taman Gemilang, 31450 Ipoh, Perak . Head Of Education Authority 1, Jalan Raja, Taman Cemerlang, 30100 Ipoh, Perak. 1 June 2012 Dear Sir, Compulsory School Uniform To All Pupils I am writing this letter is to attract your attention to the above title. As the representative of the community, I am calling to tell you that many parent are claim for their children to wear a formal school uniform . There are many reason and advantages for all pupil if they wear uniform . 2. There are many disadvantage if pupil are not wearing school uniform . Teenager will wearing a expensive brand name to school to show that he or she has much money to spend on these clothes . Many of teenage feel that without wearing uniform and wearing follow own stlye is individuality and self-expression , this is a wrong concept to teenage , they never know school uniform is very important to them . Recently , there are two gang of pupil fighting on street after school time , but they are not wearing school uniform , so the people who saw the pupil fighting on the street , they cannot identify which school the pupil came from . 3. It many advantange if all of pupil wear school uniform . Wearing school uniform mean everyone is the same , no one can set fashion or teased for wearing weird or out of fashion clothes . If pupil wear school uniform , pupil can be identify by the public . If they need to make complain , public will know which school are the pupil come from . Often makes kids behave better as theyre in uniform linked to work not casual clothes they use for socializing . Also , wearing school uniform can promotes good discipline of a school . This naturally reduces incidents of violence . Pupil can come to school without worrying about personal safety . Teachers dont have to double as guards, and can concentrate on teaching . 4. Wearing a uniform gets the pupil ready for the job market , because at a job they might have to wear a uniform or dress up and this gets them accustomed to this . Also , they see their parents dress clothes for work and may take learning more seriously. Pearent dont have to spend a lot of money for new and fashion clothes to their child everytime . A school uniform apparently also saves students from putting their fashion tastes . When they dont have to spend time wondering what to wear and how to make a fashion statement , they can spend more time to getting an education . Also , pupil saves time in the morning because they already know what they are wearing to school . 5. Therefore , there are most advantage then disadvantage to wear school uniform to schoo l. Pupil can focus on education without spending time to wear fashion clothes . If pupil wear uniform , they are more save because the guard can easy identify pupil and stranger not in school . Parent also can save money to buy clothes to pupil .  When a student wears a shirt with the schools symbol, everyone knows where the student studies . 6. Finally, I hope sir will quickly establish a new school uniform to all of pupil . Thank you . Yours faithfully , (VOO JI HEN) 2.2 Conclusion To conclude , in the point of the above , school uniform has more advantages than disadvantages. I strongly believe that the  school uniform is important and has benefits . However , I think that each school should design its school uniform from time to time and let pupils decide on it . School uniform is not expensive , most of parent can pay for school uniform, if the uniform in good quality , can buy it once a year only . If pupils are not wearing school uniform to school , there are many problem to society . The pupil in rich will bully classmate who poor , because of the poor pupil didnt wear a brand name clothes . In short , pupils are wear school uniform is good for them , school uniform is very important and has advantages . 3.0 Referrence Unknown (n.d) conclusion of school uniform [online] Available at: http://www.oppapers.com/subjects/conclusion-on-school-uniforms-page1.html Unknown (n.d) advantages of wear school uniform [online] Availaible at: http://www.oppapers.com/essays/Why-School-Uniforms-Should-Be-Required/680461 Unknown (n.d) advantages of wear school uniform [online] Available at: http://www.ask.com/questions-about/Advantages-of-School-Uniforms Unknown (n.d) advantages and disadvantages of wear school uniform[online] Available at: http://www.greatschools.org/find-a-school/defining-your-ideal/121-school-uniforms.gs Unknown (n.d) causes of teenage suicide [online] Available at: http://kidshealth.org/teen/your_mind/mental_health/suicide.html Unknown (n.d) Teen Suicide Warning Signs Main Source Material [online] Available at: http://www.teensuicide.us/articles2.html Unknown (n.d) Sign of teen drug abuse [online] Available at: http://www.newportacademy.com/teen-drug-abuse/ Unknown (n.d) Bullying and problem solving skill [online] Available at: Bullying and Problem  Solving Unknown (n.d) Social problem among teenager [online] Available at: http://www.studymode.com/subjects/social-problem-among-teenagers-in-malaysia-page1.html

Two Case Studies for Police Officers Essay -- essays research papers

In life there are a lot of issues that involve social psychology. Being a police officer is a profession that encounters a lot of social psychology issues. One issue that all police officers have to encounter is prejudice. Police officers have to not be prejudiced against the citizens that they are trying to protect and serve the criminals that they must apprehend and also against each other. Two case studies that will be discussed are prejudice against female police officers by their male counterparts and racial prejudice against potential criminals. You’re a female cop. You arrive to your precinct fifteen minutes before you scheduled time to prepare yourself for the day, and you patiently wait for your partner to arrive. Fifteen minutes after your scheduled time, your partner shows up. Although he did not call ahead of time, your captain did not reprimand him for his actions. You get mad at this because, just last week when you did call and say you would be a little late, you still got yelled at by the same captain for being late and your job position was threatened.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  As you’re out on patrol, you noticed a small brawl between two men starting to form in front of a corner store. You inform your partner about the possible fight and instruct him to pull over so you can see what’s going on. As the two of you get out of the car he says, â€Å"You should stay in the car there could be weapons involved and I don’t know if you can handle that.† You inform him that you have been working for the police force for over six years and have had to deal with situations far worse than this. He then tells you that this is a man's job and if he needs help he will call you for back up. Instead of fighting with him, you get back in the car even madder because of the comments he made about you. You sit in the car thinking if you were another male cop then it would not have been a problem, but since you are a female, there is a stereotype set upon you that you are weaker then he is and could not handle the situation. While thinking about this, you notice in the rearview mirror that your partner seems to be having some problems. As you get out of the car, you call for some backup just in case the situation gets out of hand. As you rush to his aid, he falls to the ground after being struck by one of the assailants. After a short fight between the two assa... ...he officer already has beliefs about this suspect he will treat the suspect a certain way. The way that the officer asks the suspect the questions, may lead the suspect to act in a different manner than he normally would have, and if the suspect acts the way that the police officer expected him too, because of his race, then the theory of self-fulfilling prophesy is very present. Also, the illusionary correlation, which is when a person over-estimates the association between variables that are only slightly or not at all related, (Brehm, Kassin, & Fein, 2005), may have come into play. Since the officer already used prejudice to associate the man with the crime, the fact that he is Hispanic and was nearby may make him a suspect, but there is no hard evidence.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  As a police officer there are a lot of social psychological factors that come into play every day. You must constantly be helping people, not discriminating, unbiased in every way, and of course keeping an open mind at all times. All of the theories presented here should be taught to police officers, while they are in training, to help them to be able to handle these situations if any arise.

Human morality Essay

Morality has often been associated with the roles performed by the concept of nature and nurture in relation to the source of moral dispositions. It has been expressed that evolution has provided human beings preconditions of morality, yet it is solely during engagement with an individual’s culture that these preconditions are converted to pure morality. Evolution considers human beings as one of the animal species and thus it is not easy and simple to detach ourselves from the rest of the other biological species in terms of our morals and conducts (Crawford and Salmon, 2004). The concept of morality is thus not an essential part of being human, but its presence makes us adjust to our environments, as well as act in a rational way. Morality also allows human beings to care for other individuals, as well as experience the feeling of wanting something. More importantly, morality provides us an additional characteristic—to want to be decent individuals. There has been significant debate with regards to the implications of morality and that of the concept of evolution coined by Charles Darwin. It has been described in the history of Social Darwinism and the concept of eugenics that it is possible to choose which genes should further proliferation in the next generations and those genes that confer undesirable traits be left out to go extinct in the human race. This concept of eugenics has been attempted in eradicating future generations of criminals as well as sickly individuals that carry heritable medical disorders. Unfortunately, morality is also influenced by the concept of Social Darwinism, wherein there is huge misinterpretation of the theory of evolution, especially that of the concept of fitness. One major issue of misinterpretation is that the followers of Social Darwinism strongly equate the word good to the condition of being highly evolved. Hence any individuals that are not behaving in a lawful manner such as criminals are immediately classified as individuals that belong to a lower level in the taxonomy of human evolution. This concept should thus be revisited so that the term fitness be only associated with physical fitness of an organism as it evolves through time. It should also be known that the fitness of an organism is strongly influenced by an environment, wherein an organism that lives in a harsh environment learns to survive in cruel ecological conditions, and in the case of human beings, in poor social and environmental conditions. Moral dispositions among human beings evolve through the process of natural selection, hence the results of evolution are simply considered to be that of the selfish trait. It is generally accepted that the human brain is comprised of structures that have evolved to follow that â€Å"either-or† way of thinking, wherein the mind is put in a blank non-thinking conditions and the rest of the functions of the brain are at an innate condition. There are also some genetic misinterpretations with regards to human nature, wherein there is so much attention on the transmission of intelligence and other superb human capabilities that is known be better understood that there is also a concept of determinism wherein an individual carries this need to be compassionate to other individuals because they feel a certain peace and tranquility in their bodies, including the brain and the heart. Thus there is an interaction between the environmental and the genes of an individual, resulting in the personality of an individual to sacrifice his own benefits for the good of others. The concept of eugenics thus can not be fully applied to human morality because this concept is affected by multiple factors, mainly by the genetic makeup of the individual, as well as the environmental effects on the physiological brainwork of an individual. Thus, it is very simple for an individual to refrain from stealing even if he is aware that stealing will provide him a source of funds for himself. Reference Crawford C and Salmon C (eds. ). (2004): Evolutionary Psychology, Public Policy and Personal Decisions. Mahwah, New Jersey: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.

Ethnic Stereotypes in t essays

Racial/Ethnic Stereotypes in t essays Social prejudices or programmed depictions of groups in a society have long pervaded and shaped social ethos, but it is through this awareness, that cultural humanity is able to dismantle and set aside such associations. In an attempt to understand and determine what social targeting of ad based television may be occurring in present day society, a primetime television show was analyzed for the possible content of stereotypically-aimed ads. For this exercise, a television show depicting the minority group of African Americans was randomly chosen. The show was Sanford and Son, airing at 7 pm on Monday night, on channel 44. If a discussion of stereotypes in advertising is to create any sort of insight, though, a defined portrait of what the common stereotype is for the African American culture must first be presented as a foundation. Some of the more common depictions of African Americans involve individuals or families with a low income, wherein they are usually purchasing low cost items, have difficulty finding or maintaining a job, or patronize low cost services and agencies. Furthermore, there is usually a strong implication of poor schooling resulting in a diminished intelligence, as well as a predilection towards criminal activity. Richard Schaefer defines the stereotyping of minorities as, Unreliable generalizations that do not take into account individual differences of a subordinate group whose members have significantly less control or power over their lives than that held by...the majority (Schaefer, 506-507). However, these stereotypes are just that, and presumably the television show would choose to cast such ideas aside, and portray each group in a more enlightened manner. Apart from shows that might lampoon stereotypical behavior, any sort of further stereotyping from the program or the commercial sponsors would only serve to engrain such misconceptions and stereotypes, as well as offend or ...

Famous Quotes From Slaughterhouse-Five by Kurt Vonnegut

Famous Quotes From Slaughterhouse-Five by Kurt Vonnegut Slaughterhouse-Five is an anti-war novel by Kurt Vonnegut. The work was first published in 1969, and its considered an American classic. Semi-autobiographical in nature, the novel is drawn from the Vonneguts war-time experiences in World War II. As a prisoner of war, Vonnegut survived the American bombing of Dresden, Germany.   Slaughterhouse-Five Quotes And even if the wars didnt keep coming like glaciers, there would still be plain old death.- Kurt Vonnegut, Slaughterhouse-Five, Chapter 1 As a trafficker in climaxes and thrills and characterization and wonderful dialogue and suspense and confrontations, I had outlined the Dresden story many times.- Kurt Vonnegut, Slaughterhouse-Five, Chapter 1 At that time, they were teaching that there was absolutely no difference between anybody. They may be teaching that still.- Kurt Vonnegut, Slaughterhouse-Five, Chapter 1 The nicest veterans in Schenectady, I thought, the kindest and funniest ones, the ones who hated war the most, were the ones whod really fought.- Kurt Vonnegut, Slaughterhouse-Five, Chapter 1 We went to the New York Worlds Fair, saw what the past had been like, according to the Ford Motor Car Company and Walt Disney, saw what the future would be like, according to General Motors. And I asked myself about the present: how wide it was, how deep it was, how much was mine to keep.- Kurt Vonnegut, Slaughterhouse-Five, Chapter 1 He is in a constant state of stage fright, he says, because he never knows what part of his life he is going to have to act in next.- Kurt Vonnegut, Slaughterhouse-Five, Chapter 2 All this responsibility at such an early age made her a bitchy flibbertigibbet.- Kurt Vonnegut, Slaughterhouse-Five, Chapter 2 They crawled into a forest like the big, unlucky mammals they were.- Kurt Vonnegut, Slaughterhouse-Five, Chapter 2 It is, in the imagination of combats fans, the divinely listless loveplay that follows the orgasm of victory. It is called mopping up.- Kurt Vonnegut, Slaughterhouse-Five, Chapter 3 God grant me the serenity to accept the things I cannot change, courage to change the things I can, and wisdom to always tell the difference.- Kurt Vonnegut, Slaughterhouse-Five, Chapter 3 The legs of those who stood were like fence posts driven into a warm, squirming, farting, sighing earth. The queer earth was a mosaic of sleepers who nestled like spoons.- Kurt Vonnegut, Slaughterhouse-Five, Chapter 3 I am a Tralfamadorian, seeing all time as you might see a stretch of the Rocky Mountains. All time is all time. It does not change. It does not lend itself to warnings or explanations. It simply is.- Kurt Vonnegut, Slaughterhouse-Five, Chapter 4 My Godwhat have they done to you, lad? This isnt a man. Its a broken kite.- Kurt Vonnegut, Slaughterhouse-Five, Chapter 5 So they were trying to re-invent themselves and their universe... Science fiction was a big help.- Kurt Vonnegut, Slaughterhouse-Five, Chapter 5 And on and on it went that duet between the dumb, praying lady and the big, hollow man who was so full of loving echoes.- Kurt Vonnegut, Slaughterhouse-Five, Chapter 5 The skyline was intricate and voluptuous and enchanted and absurd. It looked like a Sunday school picture of Heaven to Billy Pilgrim.- Kurt Vonnegut, Slaughterhouse-Five, Chapter 6 In my prison cell I sit,/ With my britches full of shit,/ And my balls are bouncing gently on the floor./ And I see the bloody snag/ When she bit me in the bag./ Oh Ill never fuck a Polack any more.- Kurt Vonnegut, Slaughterhouse-Five, Chapter 7 There are no characters in this story and almost no dramatic confrontations because most of the people in it are so sick and so much the listless playthings of enormous forces. One of the main effects of war, after all, is that people are discouraged from being characters. But old Derby was a character now.- Kurt Vonnegut, Slaughterhouse-Five, Chapter 8 Rumfoord was thinking in in military manner: that an inconvenient person, one whose death he wished for very much, for practical reasons, was suffering from a repulsive disease.- Kurt Vonnegut, Slaughterhouse-Five, Chapter 9 The cattle are lowing,/ The Baby awakes./ But the little Lord Jesus/ No crying he makes.- Kurt Vonnegut, Slaughterhouse-Five, Chapter 9 Everything is all right, and everybody has to do exactly what he does.- Kurt Vonnegut, Slaughterhouse-Five, Chapter 9 If what Billy Pilgrim learned from the Tralfamadorians is true, that we will all live forever, no matter how dead we may sometimes seem to be, I am not overjoyed. Stillif I am going to spend eternity visiting this moment and that, Im grateful that so many of those moments are nice.- Kurt Vonnegut, Slaughterhouse-Five, Chapter 10

International political economy Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

International political economy - Assignment Example Sticking to diplomacy considering the permanency of Russia as a member of the UN might though appear tricky even if the General Assembly were to pass non-binding resolutions on Russia. Therefore, what options could the West have against Russia in regard to the invasion on Ukraine? Could fiscal policy restrictions be more feasible than corporate policy sanction? What else could be done, should Russia choose to ignore the sanctions leveled against it as has currently been seen? Through fiscal means, the West has managed to isolate Russia by freezing the assets of most of its prominent personalities including that of President Putin and his close allies. Consequently, travel bans have been issued against these people and still much is still needed. Before engaging into war, trade restrictions must seem like the most feasible sanction that the West has left against Russia. In instances that it has been able to, the Western countries are isolating Russia such the cancellation of the G8 meeting and suspending Russia membership in the same. However, the option of exploration of economic sanctions in themselves might turn to hurt the Western economy considering the numerous trade allies it has with Russian firms. This pegs the concept on whether the West should just watch and wait for Russia to fall back into

LOVE Family Law Assignment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

LOVE Family Law Assignment - Essay Example Section 25 of the Matrimonial Causes Act 1973 governs the distribution of properties between spouses. The act stipulates the grounds on which a divorce petition may be presented to the court. In this regards, either party to a marriage may present a petition for divorce to the court on the grounds that the marriage has broken irretrievably. It further delineates the grounds on which the court shall hold a marriage to have broken. In the case Alan and Lisa Brown, Lisa is eligible to present a divorce petition on the grounds that her husband Alan has committed adultery and she finds it intolerable to live with him. The act of adultery by Alan is evidenced in the affair he has with Susie, a young police officer, with whom he has moved to stay with in his mother’s flat. The manner in which their financial assets will be distributed is determined by the courts whilst applying relevant legislations and common law precedents know as the ancillary relief. In the Matrimonial Cause Act 1973, the law that is relevant to this application is found in Section 25. It specifies the circumstances that the court must consider when deciding upon the manner in which its powers will be exercised during the application of ancillary relief in any case (Luppino & Miller 2011, p. 221-224). The courts therefore have the mandate of considering all the aspects surrounding the divorce including the welfare of children who are under the age of eighteen years, the income of the spouses, the earning capacity, property owned as well as other financial resources which each of the parties to the marriage has or is likely to have in the future. It is therefore important for the parties to the marriage to fully and frankly disclose their resources. For instance, in Alan and Lisa’s case, the information to be considered include: their  £650,000 jointly owned home, Alan’s annual earning of  £85,000,

Drama Play- A Doll's House by Henrik Ibsen Essay

Drama Play- A Doll's House by Henrik Ibsen - Essay Example According to Nora, even though men refuse to sacrifice their integrity, â€Å"hundreds of thousands of women have.† (Ibsen, 1879) Nora had to leave the penniless Krogstad and marry Torvald in order to support her mother and two brothers. Torvald is condescending towards Nora and the dominant partner in their marriage. Nora hides a loan from him because she is aware that Torvald could never accept the fact that his wife had helped save his life. She also has to work secretly to pay off the loan. Nora’s deception and the attitudes of Torvald and society make Nora fall a victim to Krogstad’s blackmail. Nora finally decides to walk out of the marriage leaving her children. Nora fears that she may be corrupting the children and feels that leaving the children with the nanny is in their best interest. The main theme of the play is that when a society fails to function in a right way and when men dominate and oppress women, women are reduced to mere objects. The title of the play itself suggests this. Nora is nothing but a doll in her house. Another theme is that there can be no pretences in a marriage. Ibsen in order to make the play realistic wrote the dialogue in a simple, middle-class, everyday language instead of the elegant, haughty language of romantic plays. The dialogue is simple yet powerful and succeeds in revealing the human psyche. And the most important element of the play is that practically every object in the play be it the Christmas tree or Noras clothing are symbols that emphasize Ibsens theme. One symbol that keeps recurring throughout the play is the Christmas tree. The Christmas tree, which is used for decorative purpose during Christmas, symbolizes here the position of Nora in her house. The Christmas tree is present in the background of every scene and Ibsen succeeds in creating an undeniable association between the tree and Nora. Nora like the tree is only decorative, as was the case with

Interpersonal Communication Through URT Essay Example for Free

Interpersonal Communication Through URT Essay Everyday we encounter people unknown to us. There are times when we are totally no interested in meeting and introducing ourselves to them. In certain situations we are forced or are voluntarily placing ourselves within there area of consciousness, like in a class or in our office, we disclose information about ourselves in order for a complacent relationship to transpire. This new connection will either grow or dissipate based on the disclosed information. Researchers say that interpersonal communication occurs only between two people who have known each other for quite some time (Borchers). This can be attributed to the contextual factors, such as psychological, relational and cultural, present in interpersonal discourses. The attainment of these factors signify that the two people conversing already know well of each other (King, 2000). At first, when we are asked by our late seatmate at first day of school who our professor is, or when we ask our office secretary who to call to fix a down network system, the interaction that occurs implies only an impersonal exchange between two people who ask for information because of external needs and is most likely to end that same moment. When you answer the above questions with â€Å"hes the head of the department, we live in the same neighborhood† or â€Å"i know a little on systems troubleshooting but it isnt my job, ill call one immediately,† the interaction introduces information related to the speaker and are affective to the receiver. This exchange becomes personal and may give way to a more gratifying relationship through following disclosures. These disclosures in turn reduces uncertainty, a considerably large blockage to a desirable relationship. Berger and Calabrese uncertainty reduction theory in 1975 presents steps on how we can achieve a fully ineractive personal relationship with other people. This theory explains why people tend to be information seekers and reduce the unpleasant effects of uncertainty in an introductory conversation and in the whole attainment of a relationship (Oregon State University). The theory discusses three stages of disclosure in interpersonal development. These stages are entry, personal, and exit (University of Twente). The interaction given above can be considered within the entry stage. By giving information on where you live or what your skills are(demographic), the receiver obtains also some point of conformity or agreement that sparks an interest for a relationship. Eventually we reveal our values, attitudes, and beliefs and we are taken now taken to the personal stage of disclosure. These somewhat â€Å"deeper† information suggest the existence of a relationship between two people. The exit stage relates to discourses on the shared values, beliefs, and attitudes which lead to actions or decisions where both interests are unified. Since interpersonal communication is based on two interrelated peoples discourses, this not specified only on verbal exchange, uncertainty reduction theory is an effective tool in determining interpersonal relationships and communications. By focusing on the information exchanged by two individuals we can predict the stage of their relationship – whether on entry, personal, or exit stage. Certainly, the information shared will not be as substantial in terms of personal relevance necessary for the attainment of interpersonal communication. Given the difficulty of initiating contact and conversation aimed at establishing a relationship, we are most likely to shy away and be frightened. If this happens, proceeding conversations are terminated. One basic method in squeezing out information from another person is to reveal your own personal information. Self-disclosure gives way to information not normally revealed through ordinary conversations. It requires an initiative to know and be known. Also, it is a way to know how the other people react and determine the topics under their interests. Furthermore, the voluntarily disclosure of personal information gives an impression of the willingness of a person in entering a relationship. In uncertainty reduction theory, self disclousre acts as the most effective way in removing the barriers of mistrust and non-complacency. By analyzing the information you reveal, one notices your values, beliefs, and emotional and moral tendecies accompanying your disclosures. These are considered to be a pattern for compatibility looked after by uncertain people. The situation above is common to almost everyone, given that the educated still dominate in number those who havent been to school or had work. I have experienced introducing myself to someone I am interested to. Most of the time I am replied with suspicion and mistrust which make me feel in need of proving myself. By self-disclosure I get their attention and know further what interests them and on fortunate times they react with personal disclosures too. Eventually the barrier of uncertainty dissipates and we are now getting ready for a more personal relationship. By reducing uncertainty we increase trust, thus more information is exchanged. Uncertainty reduction theory explains the systematic yet unsure disclosures toward interpersonal communication. Through complete understanding of the three concepts, uncertainty reduction, disclosure, and interpersonal communication, we can attain desirable relationships that can outlast time itself. References: Uncertainty Reduction Theory. 2006. Oregon State University. Retrieved 2 April 2008. http://oregonstate. edu/instruct/theory/ur.html King, Donnell. (2000). Four Principles of Interpersonal Communication. Pellissippi State Technical Community College. Retrieved 2 April 2008. http://www. pstcc. edu/ facstaff/dking/interpr. htm Borchers, Tim. (1999) Interpersonal Communication. Allyn Bacon. Retrieved 2 April 2008. http://www. abacon. com/commstudies/interpersonal/interpersonal. html Uncertainty Reduction Theory. 2004. University of Twente. Retrieved 2 April 2008. http://www. tcw. utwente. nl/theorieenoverzicht/Theory%20clusters/Interpersonal